Wireless Power Transfer Technologies for Electric Vehicle Charging: A Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.66238/jaeee39Keywords:
Wireless power transfer, electric vehicle charging, inductive charging, resonant coupling, dynamic wireless chargingAbstract
Wireless power transfer (WPT) offers a contactless method of charging electric vehicles (EVs) by transferring energy across an air gap between a ground-side transmitter and a vehicle-mounted receiver. The technology has attracted attention because it can simplify charging, support automated operation, and reduce dependence on exposed electrical connectors. This review examines the operating principles, system components, charging configurations, and practical challenges associated with wireless EV charging. Particular attention is given to inductive and resonant inductive power transfer, magnetic coupler design, compensation networks, power electronic converters, and static and dynamic charging applications. The review also discusses efficiency, electromagnetic safety, interoperability, cost, and integration with renewable energy and smart grids. Although laboratory and demonstration systems have shown the technical feasibility of wireless charging, performance depends on factors such as coil alignment, air-gap distance, load conditions, and system design. Wider deployment will require reliable operation, common standards, appropriate safety testing, and favorable economic performance. Future research should focus on improved misalignment tolerance, lower system losses, coordinated grid operation, and practical evaluation of dynamic charging infrastructure.
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